Anthropic Principle Bibliography

This bibliography contains 382 titles covering anthropic reasoning, the Doomsday argument, the Simulation argument, and related issues in cosmology, quantum mechanics, foundations of probability theory and objective chance. Most entries are available online; if two links are given, then the first is the canonical link and the second an open-access or preprint link.

• Achinstein, Peter, "Explanation and 'Old Evidence'", Philosophica 51(1): 125-137, 1993
• Adams, Tom, "Sorting Out the Anti-Doomsday Arguments: A Reply to Sowers", Mind 116(462): 269-273, 2007, http://mind.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/116/462/269
• Aguirre, Anthony, "The Cold Big-Bang Cosmology as a Counter-example to Several Anthropic Arguments", Physical Review D 64(8), 2001, http://prd.aps.org/abstract/PRD/v64/i8/e083508
• Aguirre, Anthony & Tegmark, Max, "Multiple universes, cosmic coincidences, and other dark matters", Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2005, http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2005/01/003, http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0409072
• Albert, David Z., "On the possibility that the present quantum state of the universe is the vacuum", PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association, 1988(2): 127-133, 1988, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, http://www.jstor.org/pss/192877, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=beAoAQAAIAAJ
• Angrilli, Alessandro; Cherubini, Paolo; Pavese, Antonella; Manfredini, Sara, "The Influence of Affective Factors on Time Perception", Perception & Psychophysics 59: 972-982, 1997, http://cogprints.org/803/
• Arntzenius, Frank, "Some problems for Conditionalization and Reflection", Journal of Philosophy 100(7):356-370, http://www.jstor.org/pss/3655783, http://stanford.edu/~joelv/teaching/184/arntzenius%2003%20-%20some%20problems%20for%20conditionalization%20and%20reflection.pdf
• Aumann, Robert J.; Hart, Sergiu; Perry, Motty, "The Forgetful Passenger", Games and Economic Behavior 20(1): 117-120, 1997, http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ap/ga/1997/00000020/00000001/art00578
• Bacon, Francis, Novum Organum, 1620, London, Routledge, http://www.constitution.org/bacon/nov_org.htm
• Balashov, Yuri V., "Transcendental background to the anthropic reasoning in cosmology", Man and World 25: 115-132, 1992, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01250531
• Barrow, John D., "Anthropic definitions", Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 24: 146-153, 1983, http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1983QJRAS..24..146B
• Barrow, John D., The World within the World, 1988, Oxford: Clarendon Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=zM_aAAAAMAAJ
• Barrow, John D., Theories of Everything: the quest for ultimate explanation, 1991, Oxford: Clarendon Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=k7faAAAAMAAJ
• Barrow, John D., Pi in the sky : counting, thinking, and being, 1992, Oxford: Clarendon Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=bytgQgAACAAJ
• Barrow, John D., "Patterns of explanation in cosmology", The Anthropic Principle: 1-16, Bertola, F. & Curi, U., 1993, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=mFDIy5EC-T8C
• Barrow, John D., The origin of the universe, 1994, New York: Basic Books, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=MANgQgAACAAJ
• Barrow, John D., The artful universe, 1995, Oxford: Clarendon Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=8_3WAAAAMAAJ
• Barrow, John D., "Cosmology and the origin of life", 1998, http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9811461
• Barrow, John D., Between inner space and outer space: essays on science, art, and philosophy, 1999, Oxford: Oxford University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=PIjJ7_zttAkC
• Barrow, John D., Impossibility : the limits of science and the science of limits, 1999, New York: Oxford University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=0jRa1a4pD5IC
• Barrow, John D., "Living in a simulated universe", Universe or Multiverse?: 481-486, Carr, B.J., 2007, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, http://www.simulation-argument.com/barrowsim.pdf
• Barrow, John D. & Hervik, Sigbjorn, "Indefinite information processing in ever-expanding universes ", Physics Letters B 566(1-2): 1-7, 2003, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0370-2693(03)00775-5, http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0302076
• Barrow, John D. & Kodama, Hideo, "All universes great and small", International Journal of Modern Physics D 10(6): 785-790, 2001, http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S0218271801001554, http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0105049v1
• Barrow, John D. & Levin, Janna, "The Copernican principle in compact space-times", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 346(2): 615 - 618, 2003, http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2966.2003.07117.x, http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0304038
• Barrow, John D. & Silk, Joseph, The left hand of creation: the origin and evolution of the expanding universe, 1993, New York: Oxford University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=QaUhAAAAMAAJ
• Barrow, John D. & Tipler, Frank J., The Anthropic Cosmological Principle, 1986, Oxford: Oxford University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=uSykSbXklWEC
• Barrow, John D.; Sandvik, Håvard B.; Magueijo, João, "Anthropic reasons for non-zero flatness and Lambda", Physical Review D 65(12): 123501, 2002, http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.65.123501, http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0110497
• Bartha, Paul & Hitchcock, Christopher, "No One Knows the Date or the Hour: An Unorthodox Application of Rev. Bayes's Theorem.", Philosophy of Science (Proceedings) 66: 329-353, 1999, http://www.jstor.org/pss/188782, http://scistud.umkc.edu/psa98/papers/bartha.pdf
• Bartha, Paul and Hitchcock, Christopher, "The Shooting-Room Paradox and Conditionalizing on Measurably Challenged Sets", Synthese 108(3): 403-437, 2000, http://www.jstor.org/pss/20118152
• Bartholomew, David J., The God of Chance, 1984, London: SCM Press, http://www.godofchance.com/
• Barvinsky, Andrei O., "Open inflation without anthropic principle",, http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/9806093, http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/9806093
• Battigalli, Pierpaulo, "Dynamic Consistency and Imperfect Recall", Games and Economic Behavior 20: 31-50, 1997, http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ap/ga/1997/00000020/00000001/art00535
• Belot, Gordon; Earman, John; Ruetsche, Laura, "The Hawking Information Loss Paradox: The Anatomy of Controversy", British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 50(2): 189-229, 1999, http://bjps.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/50/2/189
• Bettini, Stefano, "Anthropic reasoning in Cosmology: A historical perspective", 2004, http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0410144
• Bigelow, John; Collins, John; Pargetter, Robert, "The big bad bug: what are the Humean's chances?", British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 44(3): 443-63, 1993, http://bjps.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/44/3/443
• Binmore, Ken, "A Note On Imperfect Recall", Understanding Strategic Interaction. Essays in Honor of Reinhard Selten: 51-62, Albers, W. et al., 1996, New York: Springer Verlag, http://else.econ.ucl.ac.uk/papers/recall.pdf
• Bitbol, Michel, "From the anthropic principle to the subject principle", The Anthropic Principle: 91-100, Bertola, F. & Curi, U., 1993, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=mFDIy5EC-T8C
• Black, Robert, "Chance, Credence, and the Principal Principle", British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 49(3): 371-85., 1998, http://bjps.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/49/3/371
• Bostrom, Nick, "Investigations into the Doomsday Argument", 1996, /preprints/inv/investigations.html
• Bostrom, Nick, "How Long Before Superintelligence?", International Journal of Futures Studies 2, 1998, http://www.nickbostrom.com/superintelligence.html
• Bostrom, Nick, "A Subjectivist Theory of Objective Chance", 1999, http://www.analytic.org/cha/chance.html
• Bostrom, Nick, "The Doomsday Argument is Alive and Kicking", Mind 108(431): 539-50, 1999, http://mind.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/108/431/539, /preprints/ali/alive.html
• Bostrom, Nick, "Observer-relative chances in anthropic reasoning?", Erkenntnis 52: 93-108, 2000, http://www.jstor.org/pss/20012969, /preprints/rel/relative.html
• Bostrom, Nick, "A Critical Look at Mark Greenberg's attempted refutation of the Doomsday argument", 2001, /preprints/gre/greenberg.html
• Bostrom, Nick, "Cars in the next lane really do go faster", Plus (Nov), 2001, http://plus.maths.org/issue17/features/traffic/index.html
• Bostrom, Nick, "The Doomsday argument, Adam & Eve, UN++, and Quantum Joe", Synthese 127(3): 359-387, 2001, http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/klu/synt/2001/00000127/00000003/00334763, /preprints/cau/paradoxes.html
• Bostrom, Nick, "The Meta-Newcomb Problem", Analysis 61(4): 309-310, 2001, http://www.nickbostrom.com/papers/newcomb.html
• Bostrom, Nick, "Existential Risks: Analyzing Human Extinction Scenarios and Related Hazards", Journal of Evolution and Technology, Vol. 9, 2002, http://www.nickbostrom.com/existential/risks.html
• Bostrom, Nick, "Self-locating belief in big worlds: Cosmology's missing link to observation", Journal of Philosophy 99(12): 607-23, 2002, http://www.jstor.org/pss/3655771, /preprints/cos/big.html
• Bostrom, Nick, Anthropic bias : observation selection effects in science and philosophy, 2002, New York: Routledge, /book/

  Bostrom, Nick, "Are you living in a computer simulation?", Philosophical Quarterly 53(211): 243-255, 2003, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9213.00309, http://www.simulation-argument.com/simulation.html

• Bostrom, Nick, "The Mysteries of Self-Locating Belief and Anthropic Reasoning", Harvard Review of Philosophy 11, 2003, http://anthropic-principle.com/preprints/mys/mysteries.pdf
• Bostrom, Nick, "Observation selection effects, measures, and infinite spacetimes", Multiverse and String Theory, 2005, Stanford, http://anthropic-principle.com/preprints/spacetime.pdf
• Bostrom, Nick, "The Simulation Argument: Reply to Weatherson", Philosophical Quarterly 55(218): 90-97, 2005, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0031-8094.2005.00387.x, http://www.simulation-argument.com/weathersonreply.pdf
• Bostrom, Nick, "Observation selection theory and cosmological fine-tuning", Universe or Multiverse?: 481-486, Carr, B.J., 2007, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, http://anthropic-principle.com/preprints/tuning/cosmological.pdf
• Bostrom, Nick, "Sleeping Beauty and Self-Location: A Hybrid Model", Synthese 157(1): 59-78, 2007, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11229-006-9010-7, /preprints/beauty/synthesis.pdf
• Bostrom, Nick, "Where are they? Why I hope the search for extraterrestrial life finds nothing" MIT Technology Review, May/June: 72-77, 2008, http://www.technologyreview.com/communications/20569/ http://www.nickbostrom.com/extraterrestrial.pdf
  
• Bostrom, Nick, "Beyond the Doomsday Argument: Reply to Sowers and Further Remarks", /preprints/sowers/beyond.pdf
• Bostrom, Nick & Cirkovic, Milan M., "The Doomsday Argument and the Self-Indication Assumption: Reply to Olum", Philosophical Quarterly 53(210): 83-91, 2003, http://www.jstor.org/pss/3542797, /preprints/olum/sia.pdf
• Bradley, Darren, "No Doomsday argument without knowledge of birth rank: A defence of Bostrom", Synthese 144(1): 91-100, 2005, http://www.jstor.org/pss/20118551, http://anthropic-principle.com/preprints/bradley/montonreply.doc
• Brin, Glen D., "The 'Great Silence': The Controversy Concerning Extraterrestrial Intelligent Life", Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 24: 283-309, 1983, http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1983QJRAS..24..283B
• Brown, Stephen J; Goetzmann, William N.; Ross, Stephen A., "Survival", The Journal of Finance 50(3): 853-873, 1995, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2329290, http://archive.nyu.edu/handle/2451/27218
• Buch, P., "Future prospects discussed", Nature 368 (10 March) : 107-8, 1994, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/368107b0
• Carlson, Erik & Olsson, Erik J., "Is our existence in need of further explanation?", Inquiry 41: 255-75, 1998, http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a713788470&db=all
• Carnap, Rudolf, "On the Application of Inductive Logic", Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 8: 133-48, 1947, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2102920, https://www.hss.caltech.edu/~franz/Confirmation%20and%20Induction/PDFs/Rudolf%20Carnap%20-%20On%20the%20Application%20of%20Inductive%20Logic.pdf
• Carr, Bernard J. & Rees, Martin J., "The anthropic principle and the structure of the physical world", Nature 278(12 April): 605-612, 1979, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/278605a0
• Carter, Brandon, "Large number coincidences and the anthropic principle in cosmology", Confrontation of Cosmological Theories with Observational Data: 291-8, Longair, M.S., 1974, Dordrecht: Reidel, http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1974IAUS...63..291C
• Carter, Brandon, "The anthropic principle and its implications for biological evolution", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A 310: 347-363, 1983, http://www.jstor.org/pss/37419
• Carter, Brandon, "The anthropic selection principle and the ultra-Darwinian synthesis", The Anthropic Principle: 33-63, Bertola, F. & Curi, U., 1989, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
• Carter, Brandon, "Anthropic interpretation of quantum theory", 2004, http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:IJTP.0000048171.28027.be, http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0403008
• Carter, Brandon, "Who plays dice? Subjective uncertainty in deterministic quantum world", AIP Conference Proceedings 861: 73-78, 2006, http://link.aip.org/link/?APCPCS/861/73/1
• Carter, Brandon, "Micro-anthropic principle for quantum theory", Universe or Multiverse?, Carr, B.J., 2007, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0503113v1
• Carter, Brandon, "Objective and subjective time in anthropic reasoning", 2007, http://arxiv.org/abs/0708.2367
• Carter, Brandon, "The significance of numerical coincidences in nature", 2007, http://arxiv.org/abs/0710.3543
• Castañeda, Hector-Neri, "'He': A Study in the Logic of Self-Consciousness", Ratio 8: 130-57, 1966
• Castañeda, Hector-Neri, "On the Logic of Attributions of Self-Knowledge to Others", Journal of Philosophy 65: 439-56, 1968, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2024296
• Castell, Paul, "A Consistent Restriction of the Principle of Indifference", British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 49: 387-395, 1998, http://bjps.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/49/3/387
• Caves, Carlton M., "Predicting future duration from present age: A critical assessment", Contemporary Physics 41: 143-153, 2000, http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~db=all~content=a713806585, http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0001414
• Chalmers, David, "The Matrix as metaphysics", Philosophers explore the Matrix, Grau, C., 2005, Oxford: Oxford University Press, http://consc.net/papers/matrix.pdf
• Chambers, Timothy, "Do Doomsday's Proponents Think We Were Born Yesterday?", Philosophy 76(3): 443-450, 2002, http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0031819101000389
• Chislenko, Alexander, "Networking in the mind age", 1996, http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/mindage.html
• Cirkovic, Milan M., "Is Many Likelier than Few? A Critical Assessment of the Self-Indication Assumption", 2001, http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0110002
• Cirkovic, Milan M., "Anthropic Fluctuations vs. Weak Anthropic Principle", Foundations of Science 7(4): 453-63, 2002, http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020777630378, /preprints/Boltzmann_WAP.pdf
• Cirkovic, Milan M., "Is the Universe Really So Simple?", Foundations of Physics 32: 1141-1157, 2002, http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/klu/foop/2002/00000032/00000007/00377576, http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0107070
• Cirkovic, Milan M., "Ancient origins of a modern anthropic cosmological argument", Astronomical and Astrophysical Transactions 22(6): 879-886, 2003, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10556790310001600871, /preprints/Cirk2003.pdf
• Cirkovic, Milan M., "On the first anthropic argument in astrobiology", Earth, Moon and Planets 91: 243-54, 2003, http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026266630823, /preprints/MilanFirst.pdf
• Cirkovic, Milan M., "The Thermodynamical Arrow of Time: Reinterpreting the Boltzmann-Schuetz Argument", Foundations of Physics 33(3), 2003, /preprints/Cir03.pdf 
• Cirkovic, Milan M., "Earths: Rare in Time, Not Space?", Journal of the British Interplanetary Society 57(1-2), 2004, /preprints/fermi/CirkEarth.pdf
• Cirkovic, Milan M., "The anthropic principle and the duration of the cosmological past", Astronomical and Astrophysical Transactions 23(6): 567-597, 2004, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10556790412331335327, http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0505005
• Cirkovic, Milan M., "Too Early? On the Apparent Conflict of Astrobiology and Cosmology", Biology and Philosophy 21(3): 369-79, 2006, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10539-005-8305-2, http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0505006
• Cirkovic, Milan M., "On Agencies and Capacities in the Anthropic Self-Selection: A Comment on Bostrom", 2001
• Cirkovic, Milan M. & Bostrom, Nick, "Cosmological Constant and the Final Anthropic Hypothesis", Astrophysics and Space Science 274(4): 675-687, 2000, http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/klu/astr/2000/00000274/00000004/00264541, http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9906042
• Cirkovic, Milan M. & Bradbury, Robert J., "Galactic Gradients, Postbiological Evolution and the Apparent Failure of SETI", New Astronomy 11(8): 628-639, 2006, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.newast.2006.04.003, /preprints/milan-seti.pdf
• Cirkovic, Milan M. & Vukotic, Branislav, "On The Timescale Forcing in Astrobiology", Serbian Astronomical Journal 175: 45-50, 2007, http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1450-698X/2007/1450-698X0775045V.pdf
• Cirkovic, Milan M.; Dragicevic, Ivana; Vukotic, Branislav, "Galactic Punctuated Equilibrium: How to Undermine Carter's Anthropic Argument in Astrobiology", Astrobiology 9(5): 491-501, 2009, http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ast.2007.0200, http://arxiv.org/abs/0912.4980
• Cirkovic, Milan M.; Sandberg, Anders; Bostrom, Nick, "Anthropic Shadow: Observation Selection Effects and Human Extinction Risks", 2010, http://www.nickbostrom.com/papers/anthropicshadow.pdf
• Coles, Peter & Ellis, George, "The Case for an Open Universe", Nature 370(6491): 609-615, 1994, http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v370/n6491/abs/370609a0.html
• Collins, C. Barry & Hawking, Stephen, "Why is the universe isotropic?", The Astrophysical Journal 180: 317-334, 1973, http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1973ApJ...180..317C
• Craig, William L., "Barrow and Tipler on the anthropic principle vs. Divine design", British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 38: 389-395, 1988, http://bjps.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/39/3/389, http://www.leaderu.com/offices/billcraig/docs/barrow.html
• Craig, William L., "Hartle-Hawking cosmology and atheism", Analysis 57(4): 291-295, 1997, http://www.jstor.org/pss/3328091
• Dainton, Barry, "Innocence lost: Simulation scenarios: problems and consequences", 2002, http://www.simulation-argument.com/dainton.pdf, http://www.simulation-argument.com/dainton.pdf
• Davies, Paul, "What caused the big bang?", Physical cosmology and philosophy, Leslie, J., 1990, New York: Collier Macmillan, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=F9DaAAAAMAAJ
• Davies, Paul, "Session 25. Is the Universe Optimally Right for Life?", Astrobiology 8(2): 418-419, 2008, http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ast.2008.1249
• De Simone, Andrea; Guth, Alan H.; Salem, Michael P.; Vilenkin, Alexander, "Predicting the cosmological constant with the scale-factor cutoff measure", Physical Review D 78: 063520, 2008, http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.78.063520, http://arxiv.org/abs/0805.2173v1
• Delahaye, Jean-Paul, "Recherche de modèles pour l'argument de l'Apocalypse de Carter-Leslie", 1996
• DeWitt, Bryce S., "Quantum mechanics and reality", Physics Today 23: 30, 1970, http://www.phys.uu.nl/igg/jos/foundQM/qm_reality.pdf
• DeWitt, Bryce S. & Graham, R. Neill (eds.), The Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1973, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=3fvBAAAACAAJ
  
• Dicke, Robert H., "Dirac's Cosmology and Mach's principle", Nature 192: 440-441, 1961, http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v192/n4801/abs/192440a0.html
• Dieks, Dennis, "Doomsday—Or: the Dangers of Statistics.", Philosophical Quarterly 42(166): 78-84, 1992, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2220450
• Dieks, Dennis, "The Doomsday Argument", 1999, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ZECsAAAAIAAJ&dq=editions:UOM39015017148803
• Dieks, Dennis, "Reasoning About the Future: Doom and Beauty", Synthese 156(3): 427-439, 2007, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11229-006-9132-y, http://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/archive/00002144/
• Donoghue, John F.; Dutta, Koushik; Ross, Andreas; Tegmark, Max, "Likely values of the Higgs vev", 2009, http://arxiv.org/abs/0903.1024
• Dowe, Philip, "Multiple universes, fine-tuning and the inverse gambler's fallacy", 1998, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=7vJQAAAAMAAJ
• Drexler, K. Eric, "Engines of Creation: The Coming Era of Nanotechnology", 1985, London: Fourth Estate., http://e-drexler.com/d/06/00/EOC/EOC_Table_of_Contents.html
• Drexler, K. Eric, "Nanosystems", 1992, New York: John Wiley & Sons, http://e-drexler.com/d/06/00/Nanosystems/toc.html
• Dyson, Freeman, "Time without end: physics and biology in an open universe", Reviews of Modern Physics 51(3): 447-460, 1979, http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.51.447
• Earman, John, "The SAP also rises: a critical examination of the anthropic principle", American Philosophical Quarterly 24(4): 307-17, 1987, http://www.jstor.org/pss/20014208
• Earman, John, "Bayes or Bust? A Critical Examination of Bayesian Confirmation Theory", 1992, Cambridge: MIT Press, http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?ttype=2&tid=3500, http://www.nanomedicine.com/NMI.htm
• Earman, John, "The big bang and the horizon problem", Bangs, crunches, whimpers, and shrieks., 1995, New York: Oxford University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Oi6_tGn2aLMC
• Eckhardt, William, "A Shooting-Room view of Doomsday", Journal of Philosophy 94(5): 244-259, 1992, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2564582
• Eckhardt, William, "Probability Theory and the Doomsday Argument", Mind 102(407): 483-88, 1993, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2253980, http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2346/is_n407_v102/ai_13252429/
• Eddington, Arthur, "The Philosophy of Physical Science", 1939, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
• Eells, Ellery, "Bayesian Problems of Old Evidence", Scientific Theories, Savage, C. W., 1990, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=GowI4u5Bd6MC
• Efstathiou, Andreas; Hough, James; Young, Stuart, "A model for the Infrared Continuum Spectrum of NGC 1068", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 277(3): 1134-44, 1995, http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1995MNRAS.277.1134E
• Elga, Adam, "Self-locating Belief and the Sleeping Beauty problem", Analysis 60(2): 143-147, 2000, http://analysis.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pdf_extract/60/2/143, http://www.princeton.edu/~adame/papers/sleeping/sleeping.pdf
• Elga, Adam, "Defeating Dr. Evil with self-locating belief", Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 69(2): 383-396, 2004, http://www.jstor.org/pss/40040726, http://www.princeton.edu/~adame/papers/drevil/drevil.pdf
• Ellis, George F.R., "Cosmology and Verifiability", Physical cosmology and philosophy, Leslie, J., 1990, New York: Collier Macmillan, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=F9DaAAAAMAAJ
• Everett, Hugh, "'Relative state' formulation of quantum mechanics", Reviews of Modern Physics 29: 454–462, 1957, http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.29.454, http://www.univer.omsk.su/omsk/Sci/Everett/paper1957.html
• Everett, Hugh, "The Theory of the Universal Wavefunction", The Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics, eds. DeWitt, B.S. & Graham, R.N., Princeton: Princeton University Press, http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/manyworlds/pdf/dissertation.pdf
  
• Feinberg, Gerald & Shapiro, Robert, Life beyond Earth: The Intelligent Earthling's Guide to Life in the Universe, 1980, New York: Morrow, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ZECsAAAAIAAJ
• Feller, William, An Introduction to Probability Theory and its Applications, 1966, New York: Wiley
• Feoli, Antonio & Rampone, Salvatore, "Is the Strong Anthropic Principle Too Weak?", Il Nuovo Cimento B 114: 281-289, 1999, http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9812093
• Franceschi, Paul, "Une Solution pour l'Argument de l'Apocalypse", Canadian Journal of Philosophy 28(2): 227-246, 1998, http://www.jstor.org/pss/40232017, /preprints/fra/franceschi.html
• Franceschi, Paul, "Comment l'Urne de Carter et Leslie se Déverse dans celle de Hempel", Canadian Journal of Philosophy 29(1): 139-56, 1999, http://www.jstor.org/pss/40232048, http://www.univ-corse.fr/~franceschi/hp.pdf
• Franceschi, Paul, "A Third Route to the Doomsday Argument", 2005, http://cogprints.org/4519/
• Franceschi, Paul, "A Two-Sided Ontological Solution to the Sleeping Beauty Problem", 2008, http://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/archive/00004376/
• Freedman, Wendy L., "The Hubble constant and the expansion age of the Universe", Physics Reports 333(1-6): 13-31, 2000, http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/2001ASPC..245..542F
• Freitas Jr., Robert A., Nanomedicine, 1999, Austin: Landes Bioscience, http://www.nanomedicine.com/NMI.htm
• Gale, George, "The Anthropic Principle", Scientific American 245 (June): 154-171, 1981
• Gale, George, "Anthropic-principle cosmology: physics or metaphysics?", Final Causality in Nature and Human Affairs, Hassing, R., 1996, Washington, D.C.: Catholic University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=UBPFsUjWsqMC
• Gardner, Martin, "WAP, SAP, FAP & PAP", New York Review of Books 33(May 8): 22-25, 1986
• Garnavich, Peter M.; et al., "Constraints on cosmological models from Hubble Space Telescope observations of high-z supernovae", Astrophysical Journal 493(2), 1998, http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/311140
• Garriga, Jaume & Vilenkin, Alexander, "Many worlds in one", Physical Review D 64(043511), 2001, http://prd.aps.org/abstract/PRD/v64/i4/e043511, http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0102010
• Garriga, Jaume & Vilenkin, Alexander, "Testable anthropic predictions for dark energy", Physical Review D 67: 043503, 2003, http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.67.043503, http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0210358
• Garriga, Jaume & Vilenkin, Alexander, "Anthropic prediction for Lambda and the Q catastrophe", Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement 163: 245-257, 2006, http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/PTPS.163.245, http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0508005
• Garriga, Jaume & Vilenkin, Alexander, "Prediction and explanation in the multiverse", Physical Review D 77: 043526, 2008, http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.77.043526, http://arxiv.org/abs/0711.2559v3
• Garriga, Jaume; Linde, Andrei; Vilenkin, Alexander, "Dark energy equation of state and anthropic selection", Physical Review D 69: 063521, 2003, http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.69.063521, http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0310034v1
• Garriga, Jaume; Mukhanov, Viatcheslav F.; Olum, Ken D.; Vilenkin, Alexander, "Eternal inflation, black holes, and the future of civilizations", International Journal of Theoretical Physics 39(7): 1887-1900, 2000, http://www.springerlink.com/content/r651246x66837656/, http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9909143
• Garriga, Jaume; Tanaka, Takahiro; Vilenkin, Alexander, "Density parameter and the Anthropic Principle", Physical Review D 60(2):, 1999, http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.60.023501, http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9803268
• Gilboa, Itzhak, "A Comment on the Absent-Minded Driver Paradox", Games and Economic Behavior 20: 25-30, 1997, http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/game.1997.0508
• Gillies, Donald, An objective theory of probability, 1973, London: Methuen, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=eOdLAAAAMAAJ
• Gilovich, Thomas; Vallone, Robert; Tversky, Amos, "The Hot Hand in Basketball: On the Misperception of Random Sequences", Cognitive Psychology 17: 295-314, 1985, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(85)90010-6, http://wexler.free.fr/library/files/gilovich%20%281985%29%20the%20hot%20hand%20in%20basketball.%20on%20the%20misperception%20of%20random%20sequences.pdf
• Goodman, Steven N., "Future prospects discussed", Nature 368 (10 March): 108, 1994, http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v368/n6467/abs/368106b0.html
• Gott, J. Richard, "Implications of the Copernican principle for our future prospects", Nature 363 (27 May): 315-319, 1993, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/363315a0
• Gott, J. Richard, "Future prospects discussed", Nature 368 (10 March): 108, 1994, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/368108a0
• Gott, J. Richard, "Clusters, Lensing, and the Future of the Universe", Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series 88, Trimble, V. & Reisenegger, A., 1996, San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific
• Gott, J. Richard, "A Grim Reckoning", New Scientist 2108: 36-39, 1997, http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg15621085.100-a-grim-reckoning--what-has-a-16thcentury-astronomer-got-to-do-with-the-defeat-of-governments-and-the-possible-extinction-of-the-human-race-answers-in-fractions-please-says-j-richard-gott-iii.html, http://pthbb.org/manual/services/grim/
• Gott, J. Richard, "Random Observations and the Copernican principle", Physics Web, February, 2000
• Gott, J. Richard, Time Travel in Einstein's Universe: The Physical Possibilities of Trav el Through Time, 2001, New York: Houghton Mifflin, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=MME33bSTCDsC
• Gould, Stephen J., The Flamingo's Smile: Reflections in Natural History, 1985, London: Penguin Books
• Gould, Stephen J., "Mind and Supermind", Physical Cosmology and Philosophy, Leslie, J., 1990, New York: Collier Macmillan, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=F9DaAAAAMAAJ
• Gratton, Livio, "The anthropic principle: a critical view", The Anthropic Principle: 101-6, Bertola, F & Curi, U., 1993, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=mFDIy5EC-T8C
• Greenberg, Mark, "Apocalypse Not Just Now", London Review of Books (1 July): 19-22, 1999, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=814904
• Grove, Adam J. & Halpern, Joseph Y., "On the Expected Value of Games with Absentmindedness", Games and Economic Behavior 20: 51-65, 1997, http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/game.1997.0558, http://www.cs.cornell.edu/Info/People/halpern/papers/PR_expected_value.ps
• Grover, Stephen, "Cosmological fecundity", Inquiry 41: 277-99, 1998, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/002017498321779 
• Hacking, Ian, "The Inverse Gambler's Fallacy: the Argument from Design. The Anthropic Principle Applied to Wheeler Universes", Mind 76(383): 331-40, 1987, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2254310, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=mFDIy5EC-T8C
• Hacking, Ian, "Astronomical improbability", Logic, methodology and philosophy of science: 413-426., Fenstad, J.E.; Frolov, I.T.; Hilpinen, R., 1989, Elsevier, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=JvErejvds5oC
• Hall, Ned, "Correcting the guide to objective chance", Mind 103(412): 505-17, 1994, http://www.jstor.org/stable/2254398, http://www.hss.caltech.edu/~franz/Confirmation%20and%20Induction/PDFs/Ned%20Hall%20-%20Correcting%20the%20Guide%20to%20Objective%20Chance.pdf
• Halpern, Joseph Y., "On Ambiguities in the Interpretation of Game Trees", Games and Economic Behavior 20: 66-96, 1997, http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/game.1997.0557, http://www.cs.cornell.edu/home/halpern/papers/absentmindedness.ps
• Halpin, John F., "Legitimizing Chance: The Best-System Approach to Probabilistic Laws in Physical Theory", Australasian Journal of Philosophy 72(3): 317-338, 1994, http://www.informaworld.com/index/751022739.pdf
• Hanson, Robin, "Critiquing the Doomsday Argument", 1998, http://hanson.gmu.edu/nodoom.html
• Hanson, Robin, "Must Early Life Be Easy? The Rhythm of Major Evolutionary Transitions", 1998, http://hanson.gmu.edu/hardstep.pdf
• Hanson, Robin, "How to live in a simulation", Journal of Evolution & Technology, 7(1), 2001, http://www.jetpress.org/volume7/simulation.pdf
• Hanson, Robin, "When Worlds Collide: Quantum Probability From Observer Selection?", Foundations of Physics 33(7): 1129-1150, 2003, http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1619652, http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0108070v3
• Hart, Michael H., "Atmospheric Evolution, the Drake Equation, and DNA: Sparse life in an Infinite Universe", Extraterrestrials: Where are they?, Hart, M. H. & Zuckerman, B., 1982, New York: Pergamon Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=0HYgAQAAIAAJ
• Hawking, Stephen, "The Anisotropy of the Universe at Large Times", Confrontation of Cosmological Theories with Observational Data, Longair, M.S., 1974, Dordrecht: Reidel, http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1974IAUS...63..283H
• Hawking, Stephen W. & Israel, Werner (eds.), General Relativity: An Einstein Centenary Survey, 1979, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=pxA4AAAAIAAJ
• Hawking, Stephen W. & Turok, Neil, "Open Inflation Without False Vacua", Physics Letters B 425(1-2): 25-32, 1998, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0370-2693(98)00234-2, http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/9802030
• Heidmann, Jean, "The anthropic principle and the SETI perspective", The Anthropic Principle: 111-6, Bertola, F. & Curi, U., 1993, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=mFDIy5EC-T8C
• Hoefer, Carl, "On Lewis' objective chance: 'Humean supervenience debugged'", Mind 106(422): 321-34, 1997, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2254508
• Hoefer, Carl, "A Skeptic's Guide to Objective Chance", Mind 116(463): 549-596, 2007, http://mind.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/116/463/549, http://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/archive/00002497/
• Hogan, Craig J., "Why the universe is just so", 1999, http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.72.1149, http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9909295
• Horwich, Paul, Probability and evidence, 1982, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=j6s8AAAAIAAJ
• Howson, Colin, "The 'Old Evidence' Problem", British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 42(4): 547-555, 1991, http://www.jstor.org/pss/687709
• Jean-Paul Delahaye, "La Belle au bois dormant, la fin du monde et les extraterrestres", Pour la Science 309 (July), 2003, http://anthropic-principle.com/preprints/delahaye2.pdf
• Jeffrey, Richard, The logic of decision, 1965, McGraw-Hill, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=geJ-SwTcmyEC
• Jorion, Philippe & Goetzmann, William N., "A Century of Global Stock Markets", National Bureau of Economic Research, working paper 7565, 2000, http://www.nber.org/papers/w5901.pdf, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=8156
• Kallosh, Renata & Linde, Andrei, "M-theory, Cosmological Constant and Anthropic Principle", Physical Review D 67: 023510, 2003, http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.67.023510, http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0208157v3
• Kane, Gordon L.; Perry, Malcolm J.; Zytkow, Anna N., "The Beginning of the End of the Anthropic Principle", New Astronomy 7:1: 45-53, 2002, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1384-1076(01)00088-4, http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0001197
• Kanitscheider, Bernulf, "Anthropic arguments - are they really explanations?", The Anthropic Principle: Proceedings of the Venice Conference on Cosmology and Philosophy, Bertola, F. & Curi, U., 1993, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=hmSyAAAAIAAJ
• Katz, Jerrold, "Why there is something: The Anthropic Principle and improbable events", Dialogue 27: 111-120, 1988
• Kelly, Kyle, "Is the Weak Anthropic Principle Compatible With Divine Design?", 1997,  http://www.infidels.org/library/modern/kyle_kelly/wap.html
• Kierland, Brian & Monton, Bradley, "Minimizing Inaccuracy for Self-Locating Beliefs", Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 70(2): 384-95, 2005, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1933-1592.2005.tb00533.x, http://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/archive/00001224/
• Klapdor, Hans V. & Grotz K., "Evidence for a nonvanishing energy density of the vacuum (or cosmological constant)", Astrophysical Journal 301(L39-L43), 1986, http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1986ApJ...301L..39K
• Knobe, Joshua; Olum, Ken D; Vilenkin, Alexander, "Philosophical Implications of Inflationary Cosmology", British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 57(1): 47-67, 2006, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjps/axi155, http://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/archive/00001341/
• Kopf, Tomas; Krtous, Pavel; Page, Don N., "Too soon for doom gloom?", Physics preprint archive gr-qc/9407002 (v3, 4 Jul.), 1994, http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9407002
• Korb, Kevin B. & Oliver, Jonathan J., "A Refutation of the Doomsday Argument", Mind 107(426): 403-10, 1998, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2659883
• Korb, Kevin B. & Oliver, Jonathan J., "Comment on Nick Bostrom's "The Doomsday Argument is Alive and Kicking"", Mind 108(431): 551-3, 1999, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2659883
• Krauss, Lawrence M.; Starkman, Glenn D., "Life, The Universe, and Nothing: Life and Death in an Ever-Expanding Universe", The Astrophysical Journal 531: 22-30, 2000, http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/308434, http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/308434
• Kurzweil, Ray, The Age of Spiritual Machines: When computers exceed human intelligence, 1999, New York: Viking, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=A0dgZ4HjgFwC
• Kyburg Jr., Henry, "Principle Investigation", Journal of Philosophy 78: 772-777, 1981, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2026247
• Lachièze-Rey, Marc & Luminet, Jean-Pierre, "Cosmic Topology", Physics Reports 254(3): 135-214, 1995, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-1573(94)00085-H, http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9605010
• Larson, Richard C., "Perspectives on Queues—Social-Justice and the Psychology of Queueing", Operations Research 35(6): 895-904, 1987, http://www.jstor.org/pss/171439
• Ledford, Anthony; Marriott, Paul; Crowder, Martin, "Lifetime prediction from only present age: fact or fiction?", Physics Letters A 280: 309-311, 2001, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0375-9601(01)00089-5
• Leslie, John, "Ethically required existence", American Philosophical Quarterly 9(3): 215-24, 1972, http://www.jstor.org/pss/20009444
• Leslie, John, Value and Existence, 1979, Oxford: Blackwell, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=T8dzQgAACAAJ
• Leslie, John, "Observership in cosmology: the anthropic principle", Mind 92(368): 573-579, 1983, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2254095
• Leslie, John, "Modern Cosmology and the Creation of Life", Evolution and Creation, McMullin, E., 1985, Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Lt3aAAAAMAAJ
• Leslie, John, "The Scientific Weight of Anthropic and Teleological Principles", Current Issues in Teleology, Rescher, N., 1986, Lanham and London: University Press of America
• Leslie, John, "No inverse gambler's fallacy in cosmology", Mind 97(386): 269-272, 1988, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2255172
• Leslie, John, Universes, 1989, London: Routledge, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=K71RVWGn0EwC
• Leslie, John, "Is the end of the world nigh?", Philosophical Quarterly 40(158): 65-72, 1990, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2219967
• Leslie, John, "Risking the world's end", Interchange 21(1): 49-58, 1990, http://www.springerlink.com/content/h555rx204v441258/
• Leslie, John, "Design and the Anthropic Principle", Biology and Philosophy 7: 349-359, 1992, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00129975
• Leslie, John, "Doomsday Revisited", Philosophical Quarterly 42(166): 85-87, 1992, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2220451
• Leslie, John, "Time and the Anthropic Principle", Mind 101(403): 521-540, 1992, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2253901
• Leslie, John, "Doom and Probabilities", Mind 102(407): 489-91, 1993, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2253981
• Leslie, John, "Fine tuning can be important", Australasian Journal of Philosophy 72(3): 383, 1994, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048409412346171 
• Leslie, John, "A difficulty for Everett's many-worlds theory", International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 10(3): 239-246, 1996, http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a793908543
• Leslie, John, "The Anthropic Principle Today", Final Causality in Nature and Human Affairs, Hassing, R., 1996, Washington, D.C.: Catholic University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=UBPFsUjWsqMC
• Leslie, John, The End of the World: the Science and Ethics of Human Extinction, 1996, London: Routledge, http://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=gUXgpH6nizIC
• Leslie, John, "Observer-relative Chances and the Doomsday argument", Inquiry 40: 427-36, 1997, http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a902035736
• Leslie, John, Modern cosmology & philosophy, 1998, New York: Prometheus Books, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=cNDaAAAAMAAJ
• Leslie, John, "Our place in the cosmos", Philosophy 75: 5-24, 2000, http://www.jstor.org/pss/3751792, http://friends-of-wisdom.com/readings/Leslie2000.pdf
• Leslie, John, "Cosmology and Theology", 2003, http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2003/entries/cosmology-theology/
• Leslie, John, "Infinitely long afterlives and the Doomsday argument", Philosophy 83: 519-524, 2008, http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0031819108000867
• Lewis, David K., "A Subjectivist's Guide to Objective Chance", Studies in Inductive Logic and Probability, vol. II., Jeffrey, R.C., 1980, Berkeley: University of California Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=Qfe0SEazn3oC
• Lewis, David K., On the Plurality of Worlds, 1986, Oxford: Oxford University Press
• Lewis, David K., Philosophical Papers Vol. II, 1986, New York: Oxford University Press, http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/oso/public/content/philosophy/9780195036466/toc.html
• Lewis, David K., "Humean Supervenience Debugged", Mind 103(412): 473-90, 1994, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2254396
• Lewis, David K., "Sleeping Beauty: reply to Elga", Analysis 61(271): 171-176, 2001, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8284.00291, http://www.fitelson.org/probability/lewis_sb.pdf
• Linde, Andrei, "The new inflationary universe scenario", The Very Early Universe: 205-250, Gibbons, G.W. et al., 1983, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Lqg5AAAAIAAJ
• Linde, Andrei, "The Universe: Inflation Out Of Chaos", New Scientist 105(4446): 14-19, 1985
• Linde, Andrei, Inflation and Quantum Cosmology, 1990, San Diego: Academic Press
• Linde, Andrei, "Inflation, Quantum Cosmology and the Anthropic Principle", Science and Ultimate Reality: From Quantum to Cosmos, Barrow, J.D; Davies, PCW; Harper, C.L., 2004, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0211048v2
• Linde, Andrei, "Sinks in the Landscape, Boltzmann Brains, and the Cosmological Constant Problem", Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2007, http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2007/01/022, http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0611043v3
• Linde, Andrei & A. Mezhlumian, "Regularization Scheme Dependence of Predictions in Inflationary Cosmology", Physical Review D 53: 4267-4274, 1996, http://prd.aps.org/abstract/PRD/v53/i8/p4267_1, http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9511058
• Linde, Andrei & Vanchurin, Vassily, "How many universes are there in the multiverse?", 2009, http://arxiv.org/abs/0910.1589v2
• Lipman, Barton L., "More Absentmindedness", Games and Economic Behavior 20: 97-101, 1997, http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/game.1997.0509
• Mackay, A. L., "Future prospects discussed", Nature 368(10 March): 108, 1994, http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v368/n6467/pdf/368107a0.pdf
• Manson, Neil A., "Why Cosmic Fine-tuning Needs to be Explained", Doctoral Dissertation, Department of Philosophy, Syracuse University, 1989, http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?did=733057961&Fmt=2&VType=PQD&VInst=PROD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1268856957&clientId=79356
• Manson, Neil A., "There Is No Adequate Definition of 'Fine-tuned for Life'", Inquiry 43(3): 341 - 351, 2000, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/002017400414890, http://home.olemiss.edu/~namanson/No%20Adequate%20Definition.pdf
• Martel, Hugo; Shapiro, Paul R; Weinberg, Steven, "Likely values of the cosmological constant", Astrophysical Journal 492(1): 29-40, 1998, http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X/492/1/29/pdf/35789.pdf
• Martin, J. L., General Relativity, 1996, London: Prentice Hall
• Mash, Roy, "Big Numbers and the induction case for extraterrestrial intelligence", Philosophy of Science 60: 204-222, 1993, http://www.jstor.org/pss/188351
• Mayr, Ernst, "The probability of extraterrestrial intelligent life", Extraterrestrials, Science and Alien Intelligence: 23-30, Regis, E., 1985, New York: Cambridge University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=EH86AAAAIAAJ
• McGrath, Patrick J., The inverse gambler's fallacy", Mind 97(386): 265-268, 1988, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2255171
• McMullin, Ernan, "Is philosophy relevant to cosmology?", American Philosophical Quarterly 18(3): 177-189, 1981, http://www.jstor.org/pss/20013912
• McMullin, Ernan, "Indifference Principle and Anthropic Principle in Cosmology", Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 24(3): 359-389, 1993, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-3681(93)90034-H
• Mellor, Hugh, The Matter of Chance, 1971, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/183661/1/MatterofChance.pdf
• Mellor, Hugh, The Facts of Causation, 1994, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=M_EXiBbNhwQC
• Merkle, R., "The Molecular Repair of the Brain", Cryonics 15(1 and 2), 1994, http://www.merkle.com/cryo/techFeas.html
• Minsky, Marvin, "Will Robots Inherit the Earth?", Scientific American 271(4): 108-13, 1994, http://web.media.mit.edu/~minsky/papers/sciam.inherit.html
• Misner, Charles W.; Thorne, Kip S.; Wheeler, John A., Gravitation, 1973, San Francisco: W.H. Freeman and Co, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=w4Gigq3tY1kC
• Monton, Bradley, "The Doomsday Argument without knowledge of birth rank", Philosophical Quarterly 53(210): 79-82, 2003,
  http://www.jstor.org/pss/3542796, http://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/archive/00000577/
• Monton, Bradley & Roush, Sherri, "Gott's Doomsday Argument", 2001, http://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/archive/00001205/
• Moore, Gordon E., "Cramming more components onto integrated circuits", Electronics 38(8): 114-117, 1965, http://download.intel.com/museum/Moores_Law/Articles-Press_Releases/Gordon_Moore_1965_Article.pdf
• Moravec, Hans, Mind Children, 1989, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=56mb7XuSx3QC
• Moravec, Hans, "When will computer hardware match the human brain?", Journal of Evolution and Technology 1, 1998, http://www.jetpress.org/volume1/moravec.pdf
• Moravec, Hans, Robot: mere machine to transcendent mind, 1999, New York: Oxford University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=fduW6KHhWtQC
• Morris, Michael S.; Thorne, Kip. S.; Yurtsever, U., "Wormholes, Time Machines, and the Weak Energy Condition", Physical Review Letters 61(13): 1446-1449, 1988, "http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.61.1446", http://authors.library.caltech.edu/9262/1/MORprl88.pdf
• Mosterin, Jesus, "Anthropic Explanations in Cosmology", 2004, http://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/archive/00001658/
• Neal, Radford M., "Puzzles of Anthropic Reasoning Resolved Using Full Non-indexical Conditioning", Technical Report No. 0607, Department of Statistics, University of Toronto, 2007, http://www.cs.toronto.edu/~radford/ftp/anth2.pdf
• Nielsen, Holger B., "Did God have to fine tune the laws of nature to create light?", Particle Physics: 125-142, Andric, L; Dadic, L.; Zovko, N, 1981, North-Holland Publishing Company, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=eIYuAAAAIAAJ
• Nielsen, Holger B., "Random dynamics and relations between the number of fermion generations and the fine structure constants", Acta Physica Polonica B20: 427-468, 1989, http://th-www.if.uj.edu.pl/acta/vol20/pdf/v20p0427.pdf
• Oliver, Jonathan J. & Korb, Kevin B., "A Bayesian Analysis of the Doomsday Argument", Technical report 97/323, Department of Computer Science, Monash University, 1997, http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.49.5899&rep=rep1&type=pdf
• Olum, Ken D., "The doomsday argument and the number of possible observers", Philosophical Quarterly 52(207): 164-184, 2002, http://www.jstor.org/pss/3542841, http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0009081
• Olum, Ken D., "Conflict between anthropic reasoning and observation", Analysis 64(1): 1-8, 2004, http://analysis.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/64/1/1, http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0303070
• Page, Don N., "Sensible Quantum Mechanics: Are Probabilities Only in the Mind?", International Journal of Modern Physics D 5(6):583-596, 1996, http://www.worldscinet.com/ijmpd/05/0506/S0218271896000370.html, http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9507024
• Page, Don N., "Sensible Quantum Mechanics: Are Only Perceptions Probabilistic?", 1997, http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/9506010v2
• Page, Don N., "Can Quantum Cosmology Give Observational Consequences of Many-Worlds Quantum Theory?", General Relativity and Relativistic Astrophysics: 225-232, Burgess, C.P. & Myers, R.C., 1999, Melville, N.Y.: American Institute of Physics, http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0001001
• Page, Don N., "Mindless Sensationalism: A Quantum Framework for Consciousness", Consciousness: New Philosophical Essays, 2002, http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/quant-ph/0108039v1
• Page, Don N., "Observation selection effects in quantum cosmology", 2007, http://arxiv.org/abs/0712.2240
• Page, Don N., "Anthropic estimates of the charge and mass of the proton", Physics Letters B 675(3-4): 398-402, 2009, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2009.04.021, http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0302051
• Page, Don N., "Born again", 2009, http://arxiv.org/abs/0907.4152v1
• Page, Don N., "Possible Anthropic Support for a Decaying Universe: A Cosmic Doomsday Argument", 2009, http://arxiv.org/abs/0907.4153
• Page, Don N., "The Born rule fails in cosmology", Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2009, http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2009/07/008, http://arxiv.org/abs/0903.4888v2
• Page, Don N., "The Height of a Giraffe", Foundations of Physics 39(10), 2009, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10701-009-9322-9, http://arxiv.org/abs/0708.0573
• Page, Don N., "Does God so love the multiverse?", Science and Religion in Dialogue, Stewart, M.Y., 2010, Blackwell, http://arxiv.org/abs/0801.0246
• Pagels, H.R., "A cosy cosmology", Physical cosmology and philosophy, Leslie, J., 1990, New York: Collier Macmillan, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=F9DaAAAAMAAJ
• Papagiannis, Michael D., "Could we be the only advanced technological civilization in our galaxy?", Origin of Life, Noda, H., 1978, Tokyo: Center Academic Publishing, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=eqxqAAAAMAAJ
• Papineau, David, "Probabilities and the many minds interpretation of quantum mechanics", Analysis 55(4): 239-246, 1995, http://www.jstor.org/pss/3328392
• Papineau, David, "Uncertain decisions and the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics", The Monist 80(1): 97-117, 1997
• Parfit, Derek, "Why anything? Why this?", London Review of Books Jan 22: 24-27, 1998, http://www.lrb.co.uk/v20/n02/derek-parfit/why-anything-why-this, http://spot.colorado.edu/~heathwoo/phil3600/parfit.pdf
• Perlmutter, Saul; Aldering, Greg; et al., "Discovery of a Supernova Explosion at Half the Age of the Universe and its Cosmological Implications", Nature 391 (1 Jan): 51-54, 1998, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/34124, http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9712212
• Perlmutter, Saul; Aldering, Greg; et al., "Measurements of Omega and Lambda from 42 high-redshift supernovae", Astrophysical Journal 517: 565-586, 1999, http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X/517/2/565/
• Perry, John, "Frege on Demonstratives", Philosophical Review 86: 474-97, 1977, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2184564, http://www.preterhuman.net/texts/thought_and_writing/philosophy/Frege,%20Gottlob/texts%20on%20Frege/Perry%20-%20Frege%20on%20Demonstratives.pdf
• Perry, John, "The Problem of the Essential Indexical", Noûs 13: 3-21, 1979, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2214792, http://www.people.umass.edu/jcowling/indexical.pdf
• Piccione, Michele & Rubinstein, Ariel, "On the Interpretation of Decision Problems with Imperfect Recall", Games and Economic Behavior 20: 3-24, 1997, http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/game.1997.0536, http://arielrubinstein.tau.ac.il/papers/53.pdf
• Piccione, Michele & Rubinstein, Ariel, "The Absent-Minded Driver's Paradox: Synthesis and Responses", Games and Economic Behavior 20: 121-130, 1997, http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/game.1997.0579, http://arielrubinstein.tau.ac.il/papers/54.pdf
• Pimbblet, Kevin A., "Defining Civilization utilizing Anthropic Reasoning", The Observatory 123: 341-343, 2003, http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/2003Obs...123..341P
• Pisaturo, Ronald, "Past Longevity as Evidence for the Future", Philosophy of Science 76: 73-100, 2009, http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/599273
• Pogosian, Levon & Vilenkin, Alexander, "Anthropic predictions for vacuum energy and neutrino masses in the light of WMAP-3", Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2007, http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2007/01/025, http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0611573v2
• Pogosian, Levon; Tegmark, Max; Vilenkin, Alexander, "Anthropic predictions for vacuum energy and neutrino masses", Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2004, http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2004/07/005, http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0404497 
• Pogosian, Levon; Tegmark, Max; Vilenkin, Alexander, "Anthropic predictions for neutrino masses", Physical Review D 71:103523, 2005, http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.71.103523, http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0304536v3
• Polkinghorne, John C., One World: The Interaction of Science and Theology, 1986, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=JcVuGZM2mJMC
• Popper, Karl R., "The propensity interpretation of probability", British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 46: 545-61, 1959, http://www.jstor.org/pss/685773
• Pust, Joel, "Cartesian Knowledge and Confirmation" Journal of Philosophy 104 (6):269-289, 2007, http://www.journalofphilosophy.org/articles/104/104-6.htm, http://udel.edu/~jpust/CartesianKnowledge&ConfirmationWeb.doc
• Ramsey, Frank P., "Chance", Philosophical Papers, Mellor, D.H., 1990, New York: Cambridge University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=W4_5QijTWeIC
• Raup, D. M., "ETI without intelligence", Extraterrestrials, Science and Alien Intelligence: 31-42, Regis, E., 1985, New York: Cambridge University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=EH86AAAAIAAJ
• Redelmeier, Donald A. & Tibshirani, Robert J., "Why cars in the next lane seem to go faster", Nature 401 (2 Sep): 35, 1999, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/43360
• Redelmeier, Donald A. & Tibshirani, Robert J., "Are Those Other Drivers Really Going Faster?", Chance 13(3): 8-14, 2000, http://people.brandeis.edu/~moshep/Projects/DoTheyReallyMoveFaster/133.redelmeier.pdf
• Riess, Adam G., "The Case for an Accelerating Universe from Supernovae", Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 122: 1284-1299, 2000, http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/316624, http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0005229
• Richmond, Alastair M, "Doomsday, Bishop Ussher, and Simulated Worlds", Ratio 21(2): 201-217, 2008, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9329.2008.00395.x, http://www.era.lib.ed.ac.uk/handle/1842/2111
• Ross, Hugh, "Fine-Tuning for Intelligent Physical Life", 2008, http://www.reasons.org/files/compendium/compendium_part2.pdf
• Ross, Hugh, "Fine-Tuning for Life in the Universe", 2008, http://www.reasons.org/files/compendium/compendium_part1.pdf
• Ross, Hugh, "Probability Estimates for Features Required by Various Life Forms", 2008, http://www.reasons.org/files/compendium/compendium_part3.pdf
• Ross, Hugh, "Probability Estimates on Different Size Scales for the Features Required by Advanced Life", 2008, http://www.reasons.org/files/compendium/compendium_part4.pdf
• Roush, Sherrilyn, "Copernicus, Kant, and the anthropic cosmological principles", Studies In History and Philosophy of Modern Physics 34(1): 5-35, 2003, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1355-2198(02)00029-1
• Rozental, I.L.,, "Physical laws and the numerical values of fundamental constants", Soviet Physics Uspekhi 26(6), 1980, http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/PU1980v023n06ABEH004932
• Sagan, Carl, The dragons of Eden, 1977, New York: Ballantine, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=QxB-AAAAMAAJ
• Sagan, Carl, "The abundance of life-bearing planets", Bioastronomy News 7(4): 1-4, 1995, http://www.planetary.org/explore/topics/search_for_life/seti/sagan.html
• Saunders, Simon, "What is Probability?", Quo Vadis Quantum Mechanics, eds. Elitzur, A; Dolev, S; Kolenda, N., 2005, Springer, http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0412194
  
• Saunders, Simon; Barrett, Jon; Kent, Adrian; Wallace, David (eds.), Many Worlds? Everett, Quantum Theory and Reality, 2010, Oxford: Oxford University Press
• Saunders, Simon & Wallace, David, "Branching and uncertainty", British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 59(3): 293-305, 2008, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjps/axn029, http://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/archive/00003811/
• Schlesinger, George N., The Sweep of Probability, 1991, Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=1OeuAAAAIAAJ
• Schmidhuber, Jürgen, "A Computer Scientist's View of Life, the Universe, and Everything", Foundations of Computer Science: Potential-Theory-Cognition 1337: 201-208, Freksa, C. & Jantzen, M., 1997, Berlin: Springer, http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/9904050
• Schopf, J. W. (ed.), (1992)., Major Events in the History of Life, 1992, Boston: Jones and Bartlett, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=py01HMuAIh4C
• Silk, Joseph, The Big Bang, 1980, San Francisco: W.H. Freeman and Co., http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=koC2QgAACAAJ
• Simpson, George G., "The nonprevalence of humanoids", Science 143(3608): 769 - 775, 1964, http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.143.3608.769
• Singh, Anupam, "Small nonvanishing cosmological constant from vacuum energy: Physically and observationally", Physical Review D 52(12): 6700-7, 1995, http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.52.6700, http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9412240
• Sklar, Lawrence, "Ultimate explanations: comments on Tipler", PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association, 1988(2): 49-55, Fine, A. & Leplin, J., 1989, Michigan: East Lansing, http://www.jstor.org/pss/192870
• Sklar, Lawrence, Physics and Chance: Philosophical issues in the foundations of statistical mechanics, 1993, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=DrzQmNJRn7cC
• Skyrms, Brian, Causal Necessity, London: Yale University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=bI-FQgAACAAJ
• Smith, Quentin, "The Anthropic Principle and Many-Worlds Cosmologies", Australasian Journal of Philosophy 63: 336-48, 1985, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048408512341921, http://www.qsmithwmu.com/the_anthropic_principle_and_many-worlds_cosmologies.htm
• Smith, Quentin, "World Ensemble Explanations", Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 67: 73-86., 1986
• Smith, Quentin, "The Anthropic Coincidences, Evil and the Disconfirmation of Theism", Religious Studies 28: 347-350, 1992, http://www.jstor.org/pss/20019555, http://www.infidels.org/library/modern/quentin_smith/anthropic.html
• Smith, Quentin, "Critical Notice: John Leslie, The end of the world", Canadian Journal of Philosophy 28(3): 413-434, 1998, http://www.qsmithwmu.com/leslie_end_of_time.htm
• Smolin, Lee, The Life of the Cosmos, 1997, New York: Oxford University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=EF5jZ_eev-cC
• Snowden, Robert J.; Stimpson, Nicola; Ruddle, Roy A., "Speed perception fogs up as visibility drops", Nature 392: 450., 1998, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/33049
• Sober, Elliott, "An Empirical Critique of Two Versions of the Doomsday Argument—Gott's Line and Leslie's Wedge", Synthese 135(3): 415-430, 2003, http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1023545820214, /preprints/sober.pdf
• Sober, Elliott, "The Design Argument", Blackwell Guide to Philosophy of Religion, 2005, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=itiba1V58fcC, /preprints/sober2.pdf
• Standish, Russell K., Theory of Nothing, 2006, Booksurge Australia, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=p-j2AwAACAAJ
  
• Strevens, Michael, "A closer look at the 'new' principle", British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 46(4): 545-61, 1995, http://www.jstor.org/pss/687897
• Strevens, Michael, "Inferring Probabilities from Symmetries", Noûs 32(2): 231-246, 1998, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0029-4624.00098
• Sturgeon, Scott, "Humean Chance: Five Questions for David Lewis", Erkenntnis 49: 321-335, 1998, http://www.jstor.org/pss/20012886
• Swinburne, Richard, "Argument from the fine-tuning of the universe", Physical cosmology and philosophy, Leslie, J., 1990, New York: Collier Macmillan, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=F9DaAAAAMAAJ
• Swinburne, Richard, The Existence of God, 1991, Oxford: Oxford University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=F57Wj49R1uoC
• Tännsjö, Torbjörn, "Doom Soon?", Inquiry 40: 243-52, 1997, http://www.informaworld.com/index/902026464.pdf
• Tegmark, Max, "Does the universe in fact contain almost no information?", Foundations of Physics Letters 9(1): 25-42, 1996, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02186207, http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/9603008
• Tegmark, Max, "Is "the theory of everything" merely the ultimate ensemble theory?", Annals of Physics 270(1): 1-51, 1997, http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/aphy.1998.5855, http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9704009
• Tegmark, Max, "On the dimensionality of spacetime", Classical and Quantum Gravity 14: L69-L75, 1997, http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/14/4/002, http://space.mit.edu/home/tegmark/dimensions.pdf
• Tegmark, Max, "The Multiverse Hierarchy", Universe or Multiverse?, Carr, B.J., 2007, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, http://arxiv.org/abs/0905.1283
• Tegmark, Max, "The Mathematical Universe", Foundations of Physics 38(2):101-150, 2008, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10701-007-9186-9, http://arxiv.org/abs/0704.0646
• Tegmark, Max & Bostrom, Nick, "How unlikely is a doomsday catastrophe?", 2005, http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512204v2
• Thau, Michael, "Undermining and admissibility", Mind 103(412): 491-503, 1994, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2254397, http://www.hss.caltech.edu/~franz/Confirmation%20and%20Induction/PDFs/Michael%20Thau%20-%20Undermining%20and%20Admissibility.pdf
• Tipler, Frank J., "Anthropic-principle arguments against steady-state cosmological theories", Observatory 102: 36-39, 1982, http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1982Obs...102...36T
• Tipler, Frank J., "The anthropic principle: a primer for philosophers", Proceedings of the 1988 biennial meeting of the philosophy of science association, Fine, A. & Leplin, J., 1988, Michigan: East Lansing, http://www.jstor.org/pss/192869
• Tipler, Frank J., The Physics of Immortality: Modern Cosmology, God, and the Resurrection of the Dead, 1994, New York, Doubleday, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=z3Rfm2RgXjIC
• Trotta, Roberto & Starkman, Glenn D., "What's the trouble with anthropic reasoning?", AIP Conference Proceedings 878: 323-329, 2006, http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2409104, http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0610330
• Tversky, Amos & Kahneman, Daniel, "The Framing of Decisions and the Psychology of Choice", Science 211(4481): 453-8., 1981, http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.7455683, http://psych.hanover.edu/classes/Cognition/papers/tversky81.pdf
• Tversky, Amos & Kahneman, Daniel, "Loss aversion in riskless choice - a reference-dependent model", Quarterly Journal of Economics 106(4): 1039-1061, 1991, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2937956, http://shookrun.com/documents/lossaversiontvercah.pdf
• Tryon, Edward P., "Is the universe a vacuum fluctuation?", Nature 246 (December): 396-7., http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/246396a0
• van Inwagen, Peter, Metaphysics, 1993, Oxford: Oxford University Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=4ZXrFfVkZSIC
• Vanchurin, Vassily; Vilenkin, Alexander; Winitzki, Serge, "Predictability crisis in inflationary cosmology and its resolution", 1999, http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.61.083507, http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9905097v2
• Vilenkin, Alexander, "Predictions From Quantum Cosmology", Physical Review Letters 74(6): 846-849, 1995, http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.846, http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9406010
• Vilenkin, Alexander, "Unambiguous probabilities in an eternally inflating universe", Physical Review Letters. 81: 5501-5504, 1998, http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.5501, http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/9806185
• Vilenkin, Alexander, "Open universes, inflation, and the anthropic principle", International Journal of Theoretical Physics 38(11): 3135-3145, 1999, http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9805252
• Vilenkin, Alexander, "Probabilities in the landscape", 2006, http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0602264v2
• Vilenkin, Alexander, "Anthropic predictions: the case of the cosmological constant", Universe or Multiverse?, Carr, B.J., 2007, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0407586
• Vineberg, Susan, "Beauty's cautionary tale", 2004, http://www.fitelson.org/few/few_04/vineberg.pdf
• Willems, Klaas, "Das neue Erkenntnisproblem", Kant-Studien 85: 179-197., 1994, http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kant.1994.85.2.179
• von Mises, R., Probability, statistics and truth, 1939, London: William Hodge and Company, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=wFFK_P8Cpk0C
• Vranas, Peter B., "Who's Afraid of Undermining? Why the Principal Principle Need Not Contradict Humean Supervenience", Sixteenth Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association, Kansas City, Missouri, 1998, http://scistud.umkc.edu/psa98/papers/vranas.pdf
• Walker, Mark A. & Cirkovic, Milan M., "Astrophysical Fine Tuning, Naturalism, and the Contemporary Design Argument", International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 20(3): 285 - 307, 2006, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02698590600960945, /preprints/walker-Cirkovic.pdf
• Wallace, David, "Decoherence and Ontology (or: How I learned to stop worrying and love FAPP)", in Many Worlds? Everett, Quantum Theory and Reality, eds. Saunders, S; Barrett, J; Kent, A; Wallace, D, 2010, Oxford: Oxford University Press. http://users.ox.ac.uk/~mert0130/papers/proc_dec.pdf
  
• Walton, Donald J. & Bathurst, Joy A., "An exploration of the perceptions of the average driver's speed compared to perceived driver safety and driving skill", Accident Analysis and Prevention 30(6):  821-830, 1998, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0001-4575(98)00035-9
• Weatherson, Brian, "Are you a Sim?", Philosophical Quarterly 53(212): 425-31, 2003, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9213.00323, http://www.simulation-argument.com/weatherson.pdf
• Wedd, Nick E., "Some 'Sleeping Beauty' postings", 2000, http://www.maproom.co.uk/sb.html, http://www.maproom.co.uk/sb.html
• Weinberg, Steven, "Anthropic bound on the Cosmological Constant", Physical Review Letters 59(22): 2607-2610, 1987, http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.59.2607, http://ap.io/2406h/wp-content/uploads/2008/04/weinbergcc-prl.pdf
• Weinberg, Steven, Dreams of a Final Theory, 1993, Hutchinson, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=q72h4i0l53AC
• Wesson, P. S., "Cosmology, Extraterrestrial Intelligence, and a Resolution of the Fermi-Hart Paradox", Royal Astronomical Society, Quarterly Journal 31: 161-170, http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1990QJRAS..31..161W
• Wheeler, John A., "Assessment of Everett's 'Relative State' Formulation of Quantum Theory", Reviews of Modern Physics 29: 463-465, 1957, http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.29.463, http://physics.princeton.edu/~mcdonald/examples/QM/wheeler_rmp_29_463_57.pdf
• Wheeler, John A., "The Universe as home for man" & Comments, The nature of scientific discovery:261-96 & 575-586, Gingerich, O., 1975, Washington D.C.: Smithsonian Press, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Ub3gAAAAMAAJ
• Wheeler, John A., "Genesis and Observership", Foundational Problems in the Special Sciences:3-34, Butts, R.E. & Hintikka, J., 1977, Dordrecht: Reidel, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=kF1INlvLSlkC
• Whitaker, M. A. B., "On Hacking's criticism of the Wheeler anthropic principle", Mind 97(386): 259-264, 1988, http://www.jstor.org/pss/2255170
• White, Roger, "Fine-Tuning and Multiple Universes", Noûs 34(2): 260-276, 2000, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0029-4624.00210, http://philosophy.fas.nyu.edu/docs/IO/1180/ftmu.pdf
• Wilson, Patrick A., "What is the explanandum of the anthropic principle?", American Philosophical Quarterly 28(2): 167-73, 1991, http://www.jstor.org/pss/20014368
• Wilson, Patrick A., "Carter on Anthropic Principle Predictions", British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 45: 241-253, 1994, http://www.jstor.org/pss/687970
• Worrall, John, "Is the idea of a scientific explanation unduly anthropocentric? The lessons of the anthropic principle", 1996, London: LSE CPNSS
• Zehavi, Idit & Dekel, Avishai, "Evidence for a positive cosmological constant from flows of galaxies and distant supernovae", Nature 401(6750): 252-254, 1999, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/45748, http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9904221
• Zuboff, Arnold, "One Self: The Logic of Experience", Inquiry 33: 39-68, 1991, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00201749008602210